Monitoring Bloom Dynamics of a Common Coastal Bioluminescent Ctenophore

As naval operations move into coastal waters, the possible impact of sporadic blooms of bioluminescent organisms on clandestine operations is of increasing concern. One such bloom­ forming light producer is the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. This native-American comb jelly was first introduced into the Black Sea in 1982 where it caused the total collapse of the local fisheries. It has recently broken out into the Mediterranean Sea and there is concern that it may continue to spread. Also, there is evidence that blooms within its native range are increasing and producing profound impacts on coastal ecosystems.